FINANCE (TOURISM)
A DECADE OF TOURIST ARRIVAL IN NEPAL
(A Project Work Report)
By:-
Pradeep Pariyar
Campus Roll No. –
Exam Roll No. –
Contact No. –
TU Regd No. -
Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Management
Public Youth Campus,
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
A Dissertation Submitted for the Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement For Degree of Bachelor in Business Studies (BBS),Public Youth Campus,
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
January 2011
|
A DECADE OF TOURIST ARRIVAL IN NEPAL
(A Project Work Report)
A Dissertation Submitted for the Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for Degree of Bachelor in Business Studies (BBS), Public Youth Campus, Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Investigator
Pradeep Pariyar
BBS Final Year
Exam Roll No.-
Contact No.-
Email Address: pradeeppariyar@gmail.com
Public Youth Campus
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu
Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Management
Public Youth Campus,
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
© Pradeep Pariyar January 2011
E-mail: pradeeppariyar@gmail.com
Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Management
Public Youth Campus, Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Citation:
Pariyar, P. 2011. A DECADE OF TOURIST ARRIVAL IN NEPAL: A Project Work Report, BBS final year, Finance group (Tourism) Faculty of Management, Public Youth Campus, Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
PUBLIC YOUTH CAMPUS
DHOBICHAUR, KATHMANDU
Ref No…………….. Date:
This Report entitled " A DECADE OF TOURIST ARRIVAL IN NEPAL : A Project Work Report prepared and submitted by Pradeep Pariyar has been accepted for the partial fulfilment of the requirement of Bachelor's Degree in Business Studies. This entire work is based on field work and office work performed by the candidate and this work brings out useful findings in the concerned field.
Supervisor
………………………...........
Head of Department
Public Youth Campus,
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
DECLARATION
I, Pradeep Pariyar, hereby declare that this report work is my sole effort/research and the information is exclusively based on primary and secondary data collection. All the sources of information wherever used are thus, duly acknowledged. I have not submitted it or any part of it to any other academic institutions for any degree.
…………………………..
Pradeep Pariyar
BBS Final Year, Finance group
Public Youth Campus,
Dhobichaur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Date:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Many individuals and institutions have contributed in myriad of ways by sharing their invaluable time, resources and knowledge without which, materialization of the report in this form wouldn’t have been possible. Space does not permit mentioning their entire good name however; it in no way does mean belittling of my gratitude toward them. Thank you all, but I owe special thanks to some people who deserve the acknowledgement.
I would like to express the deepest gratitude and the sincerest thanks to Pramod Shrestha my research advisor for his invaluable guidance, constructive criticism, intellectual support and encouragement throughout the whole research period in order to accomplish this work. I feel a deep sense of gratitude to him for his unconditional support and I am honored to have him as my advisor. His crucial role to make this report to this final stage is indescribable. I am indebted to all lecturers of Public Youth Campus and my friends.
I am thankful to Public Youth Campus for providing the references facilities during my analysis. I am also thankful to Nepal Tourism Board and librarian Mr. Debraj Khadka for providing me secondary data. I would like to express my sincere thanks to teachers and all people of my study area for responding my queries providing their valuable time, help, generosity, hospitality and their co-operative attitude.
Sincere cordial thanks and heartfelt gratitude goes to my lovely friend Nirju Pariyar for providing me continuous enthusiasm and endless support, guidance and help during my entire study period at PYC. My heartfelt thank goes to Ms. Pooja Maskey and Mr. Prakash Kapri who cheerfully accompanied me throughout the research study and shared many of their insights and information regarding my research.
Love and affection of my family always encouraged and inspired me to perform any work intensively. I am indebted to my father, Brother Shiva Pariyar, Sister Chandra Pariyar, Pyali BHANEE- Christina and Bhinaju Nirmal Pariyar and their inspiration and support in every turn of life but here I am unable to express my feeling in words. At last but very far from the least are to my sister and brother-in-law whose wonderful love, unconditional support and inspiration have been fundamental to pave the path for successful journey in my academic pursuits.
Pradeep Pariyar
Dedicated to My
Mom
Parbati Pariyar
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
NATA: Nepal Association of Travel Association
HAN: Hotel Association of Nepal
NTB: Nepal Tourism Board
MOCTCA: Ministry of cultural, tourism and civil aviation
USA: United States of America
UK: United kingdoms
Table of Contents
List of Figure
List of Table
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Chapter - I
1.1. Introduction
1.2. General background
The word “Tourism” is derived from the French word “Tourisme” which originate in the 19th century. The word was popularised in the 1930’s, but the significance was not fully realized until today when the “tourism” has a wider meaning and significance. The word “tourism” has several meanings. In general, Webster’s new international dictionary defines it as “Travelling For Recreational.”
One of the earliest definitions of tourism was provided by the Austrian economist in 1910, who defined it as, “bob total of operators. Mainly of an economic nature, which directly relate to the entry, stay and movement of foreigners inside and outside a certain country, city or a region.”
The united nations classified three forms of tourism in 1994 in its recommendation on Tourism statistics” Domestic tourism which involves residents of the given country travelling only within this country; involving non residents travelling in the given country; and outbound tourism, involving residents travelling in another country. Tourism is the various business and industrial activities such as services of hotel and travel agent, transport services and communication, construction of road, drinking water and sewerage system, electricity, poultry production and so-on. Thus as defined by Sir Eric Francklin “Tourism is an industry with extensive significance involving several forms of business activity and industry moreover that will bring greater and greater wealth to the countries favoured by tourists.”
Tourism activity generates foreign exchange, which helps the nation to correct their adverse balance of international trade; it confers many other economic benefits to the hosting nations such as increase in their purchasing power, generation of employment and correction of regional disparities. It is considered development panacea for the economically depressed peripheral regions, having free and abundant resources of nature viz. sparkling sun and long stretch of sea beaches scenic mountains and wild lands.
In present days situation tourism has occupied pivotal role for the economic strength of the developing as well as developed countries. Tourism is often regarded as invisible export. The reason behind this today many countries accumulate large amount in foreign currency by successfully encouraging foreign visitors to travel inside their countries. It is one of the main significant Medias to earn foreign exchange and to promote international brotherhood and co-existence.
In milieu of Nepal, Tourism industry has even greater role to play, as there is more potentiality of proper economic development in such country from it. Agricultural sector has the pre-dominant position in the national economy. Although the agro-dominated economy, Nepal has not earned foreign exchange significantly from this sector yet, the traditional system of our agriculture can no way ensure rapid economic growth of the country.
Tourism has been identified as an important source of foreign exchange earnings, as industry creating employment opportunities; plus an industry, which is helping to fulfil the gap of unfavourable balance of payment in international trade. It has been playing a pivotal role in socio-economic sector of the most of the nations are attracted to this industry and trying their best to strengthen economic life and socio life by promoting tourism in the country. Hence, tourism is a multi-faceted industry. Overall, it plays a vital role in the process of national development, which is boon to country like Nepal with other limited resources.
1.3. Evolution of tourism in Nepal
Tourism in the part was limited to those who could travel on foot or teak, in the face of great natural hazards because of the lack of facilities such as road, communication network and crude means of transport. Yet in those days though Nepal a land locked country tourism existed in some way or other. The development of arts, architecture, culture and religion drew the attention of foreign travellers, mostly scholars and people with missionary zeal.
Development of tourism in Nepal is divided into four stages. They are follows:
1. Early development
2. Recorded history to before unification of the country
3. After the unification of the country to the dawn of democracy
4. After the dawn of democracy
Tourism is said to be initiated during the Gopals, the first ruling dynasty in Nepal. Being impressed by Nepalese art and architecture, many famous people visited Nepal during the ruling period of Lichhivis, Mallas and Ranas , but practically, tourism in Nepal was initiated after the revolution of 1951. The people were liberated and the greats of Nepal were opened still wider for all foreign visitors. With the establishment of Royal Nepal Airlines Corporation, the Tourist inflow has increased considerably. New hotels, travel agency and restaurants were opened to promote tourism.
From the point of view of tourism, the great revolution of 1951 was a boon for Nepal. In realization of this fact, ministry of Tourism and civil aviation was established, in order to develop tourism by government sector. Also, NATA and HAN played a vital role in development of tourism from its initial stage of the present stage.
In the present contest, the government and private sector jointly trying to develop the infrastructure for the tourism Nepal Tourism Board was established, many international chain of hotels were entered and organised different tourism promotional activities such as “Visit Nepal 98” and “Nepal Tourism Year 2011” and in addition different festivals were organised, which represents “Nepal as World of its own.”
1.4. Significance of the study
Nepal is one of the famous tourist destinations of the work with the variety of the interesting thing to see and do. It has many exiting things to see and adventurous thing to do as well as many historical things to learn. From the Himalayan mountains, including the top of the world Mt. Everest and many other peaks to the beautiful valleys full of cultural heritage and the forest full of rate wild lives, birds, historical temple and places with in describable sculptures and legend gives the tourist a fascinating mix of impressing natural beauty with message from a rich ancient civilization. Trekking, white water rafting, sightseeing and mountaineering are other adventurous tourist activities performed in Nepal.
The study is focused on trend of tourist arrival in Nepal. Every year many tourists visited in Nepal for different purpose from different country and also different age groups and sex wise visitors are visited Nepal. But the numbers of visitors are fluctuating in different years. Therefore from this study we can find total tourist arrivals and length of their stay. Similarly, we can find arrival by sex, by age groups, by continents, by purpose of visit and also we can analysis the earning trend of foreign currency from tourism sector over the last 11 years.
1.5. Objective of study
The main objectives of the present study are:
Ø To study the tourist arrival trend
Ø To analyse the factors affecting tourist arrival trend
Ø To study the contribution of tourism in our economy
Ø To assess the problem and challenges faced by the Nepalese tourism sector
Ø To suggest measures for improvement of tourist industry
1.6. Methodology
This dissertation is mainly based on secondary data, which are collected from Nepal Tourism Board. Data is presented on table and interpretation is also done.
1.7. Limitation of the study
The study is mainly focused in only on trend of tourist arrival influx in Nepal, in spite of its wide focus due to lack of time. Due to same reason the project report is mainly based on secondary data provided from Nepal Tourism Board from the year 2000-2010 and MOCTCA, Nepal.
2. Chapter-II
2.1.Presentation and analysis of data
2.2.Presentation and analysis of data
The main objective of this chapter is to present and analysis all the information and collected data gets the result to meet the objectives of the study.
A) Tourist arrival by Air and land
YEAR
|
TOTAL
|
BY AIR
|
% OF TOTAL
|
BY LAND
|
% OF TOTAL
|
2000
|
463646
|
376914
|
81.3
|
86732
|
18.7
|
2001
|
361237
|
299514
|
82.9
|
61723
|
17.1
|
2002
|
275468
|
218660
|
79.4
|
56808
|
20.6
|
2003
|
338132
|
275438
|
81.5
|
62694
|
18.5
|
2004
|
385297
|
297335
|
77.2
|
87962
|
22.8
|
2005
|
375398
|
277346
|
73.9
|
98052
|
26.1
|
2006
|
383926
|
283819
|
73.9
|
100107
|
26.1
|
2007
|
526705
|
360713
|
68.5
|
165992
|
31.5
|
2008
|
500277
|
374661
|
74.9
|
125616
|
25.1
|
2009
|
509956
|
379322
|
74.4
|
130634
|
25.6
|
2010
|
602867
|
448800
|
74.4
|
154067
|
25.6
|
Source: Nepal Tourism Board
Average tourist arrival per year: Total tourist arrival
Total no. of years
= 4722909/11
=429355
In above we see that tourist arrival by air and land and find out the total percentage of each. From the analysis of above table we find that number of tourist arrived by air is more than tourist arrived by land. From 2000 the arrival of tourist no increasing in decreasing rate, and from 2003-2005 the number of tourist arrival is increasing and again in 2005 it is decreasing. Then the ratio is going on increasing and up to 2008. There are various factors for this ups and down in the arrival of tourist, such as great terrorist attack in New York, America again the reinstitution of peace between Maoist and seven political parties.
From the above figure 1 we can find out that total no of tourist arrival is higher and also that the tourist arrival through land is more than tourist arrived by air. Tourist arrival in Nepal is in increasing trend barring some exception in the year 2000, 2001, and 2002. This is quite obvious from the statistics as presented in table 1 and figure 1. If we take a cursory glance of the tourist’s arrival in Nepal during the past three decades, we should be much optimistic on our tourism industry. This industry has witnessed series of successful year registering number of tourists every year occasions till 1999. But if we go through year 2000, the tourism industry saw drastic fall of tourist arrival in the year 2001, 2002, and 2003 respectively.
From the very beginning to till date, the number of tourists arrival by air has always dominant to that by land except in the year2008.
The fall in tourist numbers after 2008 can be attributed to the various events that took place internationally and domestic front. Hijacking of Indian Airlines on 24th December 1999 affected the arrival of Indian tourist in 2001.
The terrorist attack in September, 11, 2001 had a huge impact in tourism industry throughout the world. International Medias coverage on political disturbance in Nepal had a very negative impact among the potential tourist to Nepal. Environment degradation, garbage problem in Kathmandu and other tourist areas, fear of Maoist, more strikes directly affect in tourism.
It shows the internal and external disturbances highly influence visitor arrivals in Nepal and though Nepal may not have much control over externalities; we should manage and control internal factors if we really want to develop tourism steady.
Year
|
Sex
|
Total
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
||
2000
|
266,937
|
196,709
|
463,646
|
2001
|
213465
|
147772
|
361,237
|
2002
|
174,710
|
100,758
|
275,468
|
2003
|
204,732
|
133,400
|
338,132
|
2004
|
255,303
|
129,994
|
385297
|
2005
|
257,972
|
117,426
|
375,398
|
2006
|
218,818
|
165,108
|
383,926
|
2007
|
290,688
|
236,017
|
526,705
|
2008
|
286,983
|
213,294
|
500,277
|
2009
|
288,155
|
221,801
|
509,956
|
2010
|
361,611
|
241,256
|
602,867
|
From the above figure we can analysed that the male tourist arrival is increasing up to 2001 and rapidly decreasing up to 2003. Since the male tourist arrival is more always than female tourists. In 2001 the percentage of male tourists is 59.1% and female tourists are 40.9%. In 2005 the percentage of male tourists is 68.7% which is greatest percentage of this decade where the female tourist’s arrival percentage is 31.3% and it is the least percentage.
In 2007 the female tourists arrival percentage is highest i.e. 44.8% which is the highest percentage of the analysed decade, hence male tourists arrival is least comparatively to female even the number is higher. In 2010 the male tourist arrival percentage is 60% and female is 40%.
The female visitor’s percentage seems weaker than the male visitors. There may be many reasons to this trend. Some of them are insecurity, attitudes and the geographical status of Nepal. Most of the tourist in Nepal comes to Hiking, trekking, mountaineering, rafting and other adventure tourism in which the female tourists have less interest.
Year
|
Age Group
|
Total
|
||||
0-15
|
16-30
|
31-45
|
46-60
|
61 & Above
|
||
2000
|
19,136
|
119,816
|
148,063
|
125,140
|
51,491
|
463,646
|
2001
|
14608
|
95801
|
115678
|
93621
|
41529
|
361,237
|
2002
|
12425
|
67774
|
99622
|
67017
|
28630
|
275,468
|
2003
|
16056
|
78,357
|
99,740
|
85,753
|
58,226
|
338,132
|
2004
|
38,734
|
84125
|
128,267
|
96,920
|
37,251
|
385,297
|
2005
|
30,429
|
57,115
|
114,103
|
106,077
|
67,674
|
375,398
|
2006
|
37,433
|
75,626
|
123,541
|
95,260
|
52,066
|
383,926
|
2007
|
38,870
|
112,879
|
164,488
|
130,756
|
69,927
|
516,920
|
2008
|
42,581
|
106,596
|
150,171
|
121,387
|
60,531
|
481,266
|
2009
|
84,891
|
140,805
|
141,955
|
99,197
|
39,638
|
506,486
|
2010
|
41,156
|
120,395
|
189,852
|
172,800
|
64,593
|
588,796
|
In 2000 to 2002, the data showed that 31-45 age groups was highest and age groups of 46-60, 16-30, 61 and above comes after them in the respective position. From this we can find out that the most age of travelling is 31-45. In overall the above fig shows that the age limits 31-45.
The tourist arrival is decreasing in 2004 and from here the increasing trends takes place. Tourist arrival is decreased in 2005 in comparison to year 2004 except age group of 46-60 and 60 and above. Similarly, in year 2006, 2007 and 2008 we can observe that the trend continues i.e. 31-45 age group is dominant than dependent age group of 0-15 and 60+ age group 45-60 follows the 31-45 age group. Different types of physical and economic aspects are the factors affecting this scenario.
Year
|
Holiday
Pleasure
|
Trekking&
Mountaineering
|
Business
|
Pilgrimage
|
Official
|
Conv./
Conf.
|
Rafting
|
Others
|
Not
Specified
|
Total
|
2005
|
160259
|
61488
|
21992
|
47621
|
16859
|
0
|
-
|
67179
|
-
|
375398
|
2006
|
145802
|
66931
|
21066
|
59298
|
18063
|
0
|
-
|
72766
|
-
|
383926
|
2007
|
217815
|
101320
|
24487
|
52594
|
21670
|
8019
|
65
|
78579
|
22156
|
526705
|
2008
|
148180
|
104822
|
23039
|
45091
|
43044
|
6938
|
243
|
99391
|
29529
|
500277
|
2009
|
40,992
|
132,929
|
22,758
|
51,542
|
24,518
|
9,985
|
285
|
186,849
|
40,098
|
509,956
|
2010
|
63,082
|
70,218
|
21,377
|
101,335
|
26,374
|
9,627
|
730
|
252,473
|
57,651
|
602,867
|
The purpose of tourist arrival in Nepal is mainly for pilgrimage and other purpose since it is not specified. The data of the year 2010 is only presented in the above pie-chart. The purpose of holiday pleasure is decreasing from 2005 to 2010. The no. in trekking and tourism is increasing up to 2009 and decreasing in 2010. Conference, Pilgrimage and others purposed tourists is increasing and while the number in official and Business is nearly same.
Analysing the year 2010 it is found that holiday pleasure is 10% which is increasing than 2009. Trekking and mountaineering is 12% which is lesser than the year 2009. The business purpose is very low. While the pilgrimage purpose is 17%, which is almost increasing in rapid way. Since the Nepal has maximum probability of rafting it has low tourist influx for this purpose.
Since 2000, India is supplying more no of tourists. The Indian is more here for pilgrimage and other purpose, India is our neighbour country. After India, Sri-Lanka is the major country for tourists in Nepal. After than that USA is in third country to provide tourists for Nepal. After USA, tourist arrival from UK is also higher than other countries.
Here in figure is highest since it is specified but it’s too large to show in the figure so other than the major tourists’ provider country is only mentioned here.
Year
|
Total Earning
|
% Change in US$
|
Average Income per Capita in US$
|
Average Income Per Visitor Per day in US$
|
|
US $ ('000)
|
Rs. (‘000)
|
||||
2000
|
166,847
|
11,827,403
|
-0.7
|
453.7
|
38.2
|
2001
|
140,276
|
10,468,205
|
-15.9
|
472.4
|
39.6
|
2002
|
106,822
|
8,300,553
|
-23.8
|
512.0
|
64.8
|
2003
|
192,832
|
14,508,396
|
80.5
|
765.9
|
79.1
|
2004
|
179,941
|
13,146,534
|
-6.7
|
609.8
|
45.1
|
2005
|
148,441
|
10,600,345
|
-17.5
|
532.0
|
58.5
|
2006
|
162,790
|
11,784,644
|
9.7
|
561.0
|
55.0
|
2007
|
230,617
|
15,185,071
|
41.7
|
535.0
|
45.0
|
2008
|
351,968
|
24,802,195
|
52.6
|
860.3
|
73.0
|
2009
|
377,172
|
28,996,950
|
7.2
|
739.6
|
65.3
|
2010
|
329,982
|
23,428,700
|
-12.5
|
547.4
|
43.2
|
Source: Foreign Exchange Management Department, Nepal Rastra Bank.
The increment nature of gross foreign exchange earning is one of the main contributions of tourist industry to national economy. From the above table and figure we can analysis the earnings trend of foreign currency from the tourism sector over the last 11 years i.e. 2000 to 2010. There is no stability in foreign exchange earning in between year 2000 to 2005. It was fluctuating over the 11 years period.
The foreign exchange earning is decreasing up to year 2002 from 2000 due to decreasing in the number of influx of tourists in Nepal. From 2002 the number of tourist arrival is increased hence increase in the foreign exchange earnings. There is no vast difference in foreign exchange earnings from year 2003 to 2006 while increasing trend is shown in the foreign exchange earnings gaining the optimum level at 2009 and it is shifting downward from year 2009. Simple analysis shows that years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, and 2010 are recessionary period for foreign exchange earning as well as tourist income in Nepal. Remaining years 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 are recovery periods.
2.3.Major findings
The area of this fieldwork is limited but from the analysis of the above presented data and diagram we can find that we have many possibilities. Since the past data is the reflection of the future we have simply analysed the above given data and find out some possibilities.
Nepal is famous for its cultural heritage as well as famous for natural scene. The major purpose for incoming in Nepal is for pilgrimage and holiday tourism, thereafter Mountaineering and trekking.
Tourists’ arrival by Air in 2009 is 379,322 while in 2010 is 448,800 percentage changing by 18.3%. By land is 130,634 in 2009 and 602,867 in 2010 by percentage changing 17.9%. Male visitors are more often then female visitors. The independent age group i.e. 31-45 years are major age group visiting Nepal. But recent trend of 2009 and 2010 shows that the age group of 46-60 is coming more in Nepal. Purpose of visit is mainly for pilgrimage and thereafter holiday pleasure. Since Nepal has great possibilities in Rafting the tourist for this purpose is least.
Revenue from tourism is 377,172,000 US$ in 2009 while in 2010 is 329,982,000 US$ decreasing by 12.5%.
The average income is also decreasing per day by 33.8%. In mountaineering expedition Royalty to government is also decreasing while analysing the recent past data.
In the analysis of the past decade we can find out that years 2003, 2007 and 2008 are prosperity period and years 2000 and 2004 are recession period. While the years 2001, 2002, 2005 and 2010 are depression period. The remaining years of decade 2006 and 2009 are recovery period.
Nationality
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2005
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
2009
|
2010
|
|
Australia
|
10,455
|
7,159
|
7,916
|
9,671
|
7,093
|
8,231
|
12,369
|
13,846
|
15,461
|
15,461
|
16,243
|
|
%
|
2.9
|
2.6
|
2.3
|
2.5
|
1.9
|
2.1
|
2.3
|
2.8
|
3.0
|
3.0
|
2.7
|
|
Austria
|
4,164
|
3,140
|
3,025
|
4,341
|
3,007
|
3,474
|
4,473
|
3,540
|
3,245
|
3,246
|
3,389
|
|
%
|
1.2
|
1.1
|
0.9
|
1.1
|
0.8
|
0.9
|
0.8
|
0.7
|
0.6
|
0.6
|
0.6
|
|
Canada
|
7,068
|
3,747
|
4,154
|
4,825
|
4,168
|
4,733
|
7,399
|
8,132
|
8,965
|
8,966
|
9,322
|
|
%
|
2.0
|
1.4
|
1.2
|
1.3
|
1.1
|
1.2
|
1.4
|
1.6
|
1.8
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
|
Denmark
|
3,854
|
2,040
|
2,178
|
2,633
|
1,770
|
1,956
|
3,157
|
3,847
|
4,464
|
4,465
|
4,359
|
|
%
|
1.1
|
0.7
|
0.6
|
0.7
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.6
|
0.8
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
|
France
|
21,187
|
13,376
|
15,865
|
18,938
|
14,108
|
14,835
|
20,250
|
22,402
|
22,154
|
22,155
|
24,550
|
|
%
|
5.9
|
4.9
|
4.7
|
4.9
|
3.8
|
3.9
|
3.8
|
4.5
|
4.3
|
4.3
|
4.1
|
|
Germany
|
%
|
21,577
6.0
|
15,774
5.7
|
14,866
4.4
|
16,025
4.2
|
14,345
3.8
|
14,361
3.7
|
21,323
4.0
|
18,552
3.7
|
19,246
3.8
|
19,247
3.8
|
22,583
3.7
|
India
|
64,320
|
66,777
|
86,363
|
90,326
|
95,685
|
93,722
|
96,010
|
91,177
|
93,884
|
93,885
|
120,898
|
|
%
|
17.8
|
24.2
|
25.5
|
23.4
|
25.5
|
24.4
|
18.2
|
18.2
|
18.4
|
18.4
|
20.1
|
|
Italy
|
%
|
8,745
2.4
|
8,057
2.9
|
8,243
2.4
|
12,376
3.2
|
8,785
2.3
|
7,736
2.0
|
11,243
2.1
|
7,914
1.6
|
7,982
1.6
|
7,983
1.6
|
10,226
1.7
|
Japan
|
%
|
28,830
8.0
|
23,223
8.4
|
27,412
8.1
|
24,231
6.3
|
18,239
4.9
|
22,242
5.8
|
27,058
5.1
|
23,383
4.7
|
22,445
4.4
|
22,446
4.4
|
23,332
3.9
|
Netherlands
|
13,662
|
8,306
|
8,443
|
11,160
|
8,947
|
7,207
|
10,589
|
10,900
|
11,147
|
11,148
|
13,471
|
|
%
|
3.8
|
3.0
|
2.5
|
2.9
|
2.4
|
1.9
|
2.0
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
|
Spain
|
5,897
|
5,267
|
8,265
|
11,767
|
8,891
|
10,377
|
15,672
|
13,851
|
13,006
|
13,007
|
13,712
|
|
%
|
1.6
|
1.9
|
2.4
|
3.1
|
2.4
|
2.7
|
3.0
|
2.8
|
2.6
|
2.6
|
2.3
|
|
Switzerland
|
5,649
|
3,352
|
3,246
|
3,788
|
3,163
|
3,559
|
5,238
|
5,186
|
5,281
|
5,282
|
5,320
|
|
%
|
1.6
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
0.8
|
0.9
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
9,844
|
9,805
|
13,930
|
16,124
|
18,770
|
27,413
|
49,947
|
37,817
|
36,362
|
36,363
|
45,531
|
|
%
|
2.7
|
3.6
|
4.1
|
4.2
|
5.0
|
7.1
|
9.5
|
7.6
|
7.1
|
7.1
|
7.6
|
|
U.S.A.
|
32,052
|
17,518
|
18,838
|
20,680
|
18,539
|
19,833
|
29,783
|
30,076
|
32,043
|
32,044
|
36,425
|
|
%
|
8.9
|
6.4
|
5.6
|
5.4
|
4.9
|
5.2
|
5.7
|
6.0
|
6.3
|
6.3
|
6.0
|
|
U.K.
|
33,533
|
21,007
|
22,101
|
24,667
|
25,151
|
22,708
|
32,367
|
33,658
|
35,382
|
35,383
|
35,091
|
|
%
|
9.3
|
7.6
|
6.5
|
6.4
|
6.7
|
5.9
|
6.1
|
6.7
|
6.9
|
6.9
|
5.8
|
|
Others
|
90,400
|
66,920
|
93,287
|
113,745
|
124,737
|
120,732
|
176,312
|
171,989
|
172,846
|
172,847
|
214,950
|
|
%
|
25.0
|
24.3
|
27.6
|
29.5
|
33.2
|
31.4
|
33.5
|
34.4
|
33.9
|
33.9
|
35.7
|
|
Not Specified
|
%
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
--
|
4,005
1.0
|
3,515
0.7
|
4,007
0.8
|
6,043
1.2
|
6,044
1.2
|
3,465
0.6
|
Total
|
361,237
|
275,468
|
338,132
|
385,297
|
375,398
|
383,926
|
526,705
|
500,277
|
509,956
|
509,972
|
602,867
|
|
%
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.8
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
3. Chapter-III
3.1. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
3.2. Summaries and conclusion
Nepal is termed as one of the richest country in terms of natural beauty, cultural heritage and diversity. Nepal is such a country where tourist can visit through out the year. The beautiful of this country attracts more tourists and hence helping to increase the no. of tourist’s influx in Nepal. Thus tourism is the major factor for economic development of Nepal.
Nepal tourism board (NTB) is the major source of the information and data included in the report. NTB plays an important role in the development and prosperity of tourism in the country. All the tourists activities performed in the country are conducted under NTB act 2053. NTB has playing a significant role in the development of tourism sector of the country.
In real sense, tourism in Nepal can be traced only after democracy 1951. Prior to this foreigner who visited with tourism propose where very limited in number. Tourism is important not only for earning foreign exchange but also important for unemployment problem, balance of payment strengthening, diplomatic relationship, cultural exchange, trade diversification etc. thus it has became one of the very essential factor to uplift our national economy.
In the last 11 years average tourist arrival is 429355 tourists and foreign exchange earning is US $ 187064181.81. In order to promote and encourage tourist to visit Nepal, concern department and government should give attention towards the wants and need of tourist and should provide different types of facilities to them and have to develop infrastructures.
3.3. Recommendations
So far the high natural and cultural potentiality are seen in Nepal, it is expected that tourist industry can be developed in future and may plays a vital role in the country’s socio-economic development by earning a significant amount of foreign exchange. So for the steady growth of tourism following recommendation are suggested.
v Transportation:
Transportation plays a crucial role in the development of tourism unless there is a convenient facility in transportation development of tourism is impossible. So it is necessary to pay attention on transportation facilities are better than will be able to bring more tourists.
v Accommodation:
Accommodation is also one of the important parts of tourism industry. Without accommodation facilitates the development of tourism industry is impossible. There are lots of tourist destinations where accommodation facilities are not available and available accommodation aslo unable to provide good service. Accommodation facilitates not only earn money but also generates employment, which is desperate need of Nepal.
v Entertainment:
Tourist arrival record shows that most of the people travel to Nepal for spending holiday of for pleasure. They came here to relax and entertainment equipment or facilities are the best ways to relax. Tourists who travel with other purpose then holidays or pleasure also need entertainment. Therefore we have to increase the entertainment facilities on appropriate places to increase the arrival of tourists.
v Marketing and Promotion
Advertisement is one of the most powerful tools of marketing. Government and the private sector to promote products and to counter poor and bad publicity abroad whenever such cases happen should do tourism marketing jointly. Publicity should be made at international level through different popular international travel trade magazines, journals and other various media in major tourist originating market. Since Nepal has large potential of rafting but the lack of advertisement we have few tourists on this purpose.
v Others
Should care about sanitation and hygienic of place.
The things which attract to tourist should preserve like ancient temples, natural beauty, historical monuments, cultural heritages etc.
Security of tourist is one of the most important matters of tourism. So, government should be able provide security.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NTB; Nepal Tourism Board, Kathmandu
Nepal tourism Statistics (2010), Government of Nepal, Ministry of culture, tourism and civil aviation.
Nepal Rastra Bank, Kathmandu
Satyal, Yajna Raj, (1999), Tourism In Nepal, A Profile, Adroit Publishers, New Delhi
www.welcomenepal.com
